
Britain has decided to ban Russian ships that are part of what’s known as the “shadow fleet” from entering its waters. Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer announced this to help protect the country’s undersea cables and other important infrastructure. These cables carry the internet and phone connections that the country relies on every day. There’s growing fear that Russian President Vladimir Putin has been secretly using cargo and tanker ships, managed by people close to him, to spy on or even sabotage these vital systems.
This move is part of Britain’s biggest-ever sanctions package against Russia, aimed at stopping these vessels from smuggling Russian oil or damaging UK property. Some of these ships have already been accused of destroying gas pipelines in both the North Sea in 2022 and the Baltic Sea in 2023. Officials say these ships are known for harming underwater infrastructure. The UK government plans to take action against around 100 of these vessels, which are believed to have transported goods worth £18 billion just since the beginning of last year.
Speaking in Oslo during a meeting with military allies, Sir Keir said the goal is to shut down Putin’s hidden fleet and cut off the oil money helping fund his military. British authorities are likely to use the Royal Navy to stop these ships, especially those that are old and potentially dangerous. These ships will not be allowed to dock at any UK ports.
A government committee has also shared worrying findings. It said that undersea phone and internet cables are at risk from ships that use small submarines to reach them. Some of these vessels pose as research ships or fishing boats but are actually backed by the Russian state. For example, a Russian ship called the Yantar was recently seen mapping out the UK’s underwater systems in the North Sea—something experts believe is part of a plan to sabotage them.
This issue isn’t limited to Russia. Similar concerns have come up about China following a series of suspicious incidents near Taiwan. Back in January, Defence Secretary John Healey said that the recent disruptions to underwater systems show increasing Russian aggression. He warned that Britain would not ignore such threats and promised strong action to keep the country safe.
The UK depends heavily on its underwater pipelines, electricity lines, and offshore energy facilities. These systems power homes, hospitals, and communication services. Any attack on them could bring the entire country to a standstill. Members of Parliament have now launched a formal investigation into how well Britain can protect its underwater infrastructure from attacks.
Russia has some of the world’s most advanced submarine technology. They often send out ships that they claim are for research, but even Russia’s own government admits that these ships carry deep-sea tracking tools and can connect to secret communication cables. The Yantar, for example, can release mini-submarines and other underwater vehicles that reach depths of up to six kilometers to tap into or damage important cables and pipes.
Military and intelligence sources have also said that some luxury yachts owned by Russian billionaires may be involved in secret operations. These yachts are fitted with hidden features like “moon pools,” which allow small submarines to be launched without being seen. That way, the yacht can appear harmless while underwater crafts carry out sabotage missions.
In response to these threats, NATO sent 10 ships to patrol the Baltic Sea earlier this year. Their mission was to protect Europe’s underwater cables and monitor for any suspicious activity. These patrols were launched after several incidents of damage to underwater systems that are widely suspected to be deliberate.
In one case in February, Swedish and Finnish police began investigating damage to a major undersea telecom cable. This same cable, which links Finland and Germany, had already been damaged several times in previous months. Another incident happened on Christmas Day, when a power cable connecting Finland and Estonia was harmed, along with four telecom lines. Authorities blamed a ship that was dragging its anchor, which they say was part of a shadow fleet trying to get around oil sanctions against Russia.
Because of these growing dangers, experts are now suggesting that British families should be prepared in case of emergencies. Similar to guidance from the European Union, they recommend households keep a basic survival kit that can last at least three days if systems are disrupted.